Prevention

• Avoid standing for too long.
• Avoid overcrowding and poorly ventilated rooms.
• Break bad news calmly.

Management

• Lay the casualty down and raise the legs slightly above the level of his head.
• Loosen all tight clothing.
• Ensure there is plenty of fresh air.
• Reassure the casualty.
• Gradually, raise him into the sitting position and give sips of water, if required.
• If he/she does not regain consciousness, seek medical assistance.